Copyright | (c) The FFI task force 2001 |
---|---|
License | BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE) |
Maintainer | [email protected] |
Stability | provisional |
Portability | portable |
Safe Haskell | Trustworthy |
Language | Haskell2010 |
This module provides typed pointers to foreign data. It is part of the Foreign Function Interface (FFI) and will normally be imported via the Foreign module.
Synopsis
- data Ptr a
- nullPtr :: Ptr a
- castPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr b
- plusPtr :: Ptr a -> Int -> Ptr b
- alignPtr :: Ptr a -> Int -> Ptr a
- minusPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr b -> Int
- data FunPtr a
- nullFunPtr :: FunPtr a
- castFunPtr :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr b
- castFunPtrToPtr :: FunPtr a -> Ptr b
- castPtrToFunPtr :: Ptr a -> FunPtr b
- freeHaskellFunPtr :: FunPtr a -> IO ()
- newtype IntPtr = IntPtr Int
- ptrToIntPtr :: Ptr a -> IntPtr
- intPtrToPtr :: IntPtr -> Ptr a
- newtype WordPtr = WordPtr Word
- ptrToWordPtr :: Ptr a -> WordPtr
- wordPtrToPtr :: WordPtr -> Ptr a
Data pointers
A value of type
represents a pointer to an object, or an
array of objects, which may be marshalled to or from Haskell values
of type Ptr
aa
.
The type a
will often be an instance of class
Storable
which provides the marshalling operations.
However this is not essential, and you can provide your own operations
to access the pointer. For example you might write small foreign
functions to get or set the fields of a C struct
.
Instances
Generic1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> *) # | |
Eq (Ptr a) # | |
Data a => Data (Ptr a) # | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Ptr a -> c (Ptr a) Source # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Ptr a) Source # toConstr :: Ptr a -> Constr Source # dataTypeOf :: Ptr a -> DataType Source # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Ptr a)) Source # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Ptr a)) Source # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Ptr a -> Ptr a Source # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ptr a -> r Source # gmapQr :: (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ptr a -> r Source # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ptr a -> [u] Source # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ptr a -> u Source # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) Source # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) Source # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) Source # | |
Ord (Ptr a) # | |
Show (Ptr a) # | Since: base-2.1 |
Storable (Ptr a) # | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Foreign.Storable sizeOf :: Ptr a -> Int Source # alignment :: Ptr a -> Int Source # peekElemOff :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Int -> IO (Ptr a) Source # pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Int -> Ptr a -> IO () Source # peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Ptr a) Source # pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Ptr a -> IO () Source # | |
Functor (URec (Ptr ()) :: * -> *) # | |
Foldable (URec (Ptr ()) :: * -> *) # | |
Defined in Data.Foldable fold :: Monoid m => URec (Ptr ()) m -> m Source # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> m Source # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> b Source # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> b Source # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> b Source # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> b Source # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> a Source # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> a Source # toList :: URec (Ptr ()) a -> [a] Source # null :: URec (Ptr ()) a -> Bool Source # length :: URec (Ptr ()) a -> Int Source # elem :: Eq a => a -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> Bool Source # maximum :: Ord a => URec (Ptr ()) a -> a Source # minimum :: Ord a => URec (Ptr ()) a -> a Source # | |
Traversable (URec (Ptr ()) :: * -> *) # | |
Defined in Data.Traversable traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> f (URec (Ptr ()) b) Source # sequenceA :: Applicative f => URec (Ptr ()) (f a) -> f (URec (Ptr ()) a) Source # mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> m (URec (Ptr ()) b) Source # sequence :: Monad m => URec (Ptr ()) (m a) -> m (URec (Ptr ()) a) Source # | |
Eq (URec (Ptr ()) p) # | |
Ord (URec (Ptr ()) p) # | |
Defined in GHC.Generics compare :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Ordering Source # (<) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool Source # (<=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool Source # (>) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool Source # (>=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool Source # max :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p Source # min :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p Source # | |
Generic (URec (Ptr ()) p) # | |
data URec (Ptr ()) (p :: k) # | Used for marking occurrences of Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
type Rep1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> *) # | |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
type Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p) # | |
Defined in GHC.Generics |
alignPtr :: Ptr a -> Int -> Ptr a Source #
Given an arbitrary address and an alignment constraint,
alignPtr
yields the next higher address that fulfills the
alignment constraint. An alignment constraint x
is fulfilled by
any address divisible by x
. This operation is idempotent.
minusPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr b -> Int Source #
Computes the offset required to get from the second to the first argument. We have
p2 == p1 `plusPtr` (p2 `minusPtr` p1)
Function pointers
A value of type
is a pointer to a function callable
from foreign code. The type FunPtr
aa
will normally be a foreign type,
a function type with zero or more arguments where
- the argument types are marshallable foreign types,
i.e.
Char
,Int
,Double
,Float
,Bool
,Int8
,Int16
,Int32
,Int64
,Word8
,Word16
,Word32
,Word64
,
,Ptr
a
,FunPtr
a
or a renaming of any of these usingStablePtr
anewtype
. - the return type is either a marshallable foreign type or has the form
whereIO
tt
is a marshallable foreign type or()
.
A value of type
may be a pointer to a foreign function,
either returned by another foreign function or imported with a
a static address import likeFunPtr
a
foreign import ccall "stdlib.h &free" p_free :: FunPtr (Ptr a -> IO ())
or a pointer to a Haskell function created using a wrapper stub
declared to produce a FunPtr
of the correct type. For example:
type Compare = Int -> Int -> Bool foreign import ccall "wrapper" mkCompare :: Compare -> IO (FunPtr Compare)
Calls to wrapper stubs like mkCompare
allocate storage, which
should be released with freeHaskellFunPtr
when no
longer required.
To convert FunPtr
values to corresponding Haskell functions, one
can define a dynamic stub for the specific foreign type, e.g.
type IntFunction = CInt -> IO () foreign import ccall "dynamic" mkFun :: FunPtr IntFunction -> IntFunction
Instances
Eq (FunPtr a) # | |
Ord (FunPtr a) # | |
Show (FunPtr a) # | Since: base-2.1 |
Storable (FunPtr a) # | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Foreign.Storable sizeOf :: FunPtr a -> Int Source # alignment :: FunPtr a -> Int Source # peekElemOff :: Ptr (FunPtr a) -> Int -> IO (FunPtr a) Source # pokeElemOff :: Ptr (FunPtr a) -> Int -> FunPtr a -> IO () Source # peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (FunPtr a) Source # pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> FunPtr a -> IO () Source # |
nullFunPtr :: FunPtr a Source #
The constant nullFunPtr
contains a
distinguished value of FunPtr
that is not
associated with a valid memory location.
castFunPtrToPtr :: FunPtr a -> Ptr b Source #
castPtrToFunPtr :: Ptr a -> FunPtr b Source #
freeHaskellFunPtr :: FunPtr a -> IO () Source #
Release the storage associated with the given FunPtr
, which
must have been obtained from a wrapper stub. This should be called
whenever the return value from a foreign import wrapper function is
no longer required; otherwise, the storage it uses will leak.
Integral types with lossless conversion to and from pointers
A signed integral type that can be losslessly converted to and from
Ptr
. This type is also compatible with the C99 type intptr_t
, and
can be marshalled to and from that type safely.
Instances
ptrToIntPtr :: Ptr a -> IntPtr Source #
casts a Ptr
to an IntPtr
intPtrToPtr :: IntPtr -> Ptr a Source #
casts an IntPtr
to a Ptr
An unsigned integral type that can be losslessly converted to and from
Ptr
. This type is also compatible with the C99 type uintptr_t
, and
can be marshalled to and from that type safely.
Instances
ptrToWordPtr :: Ptr a -> WordPtr Source #
casts a Ptr
to a WordPtr
wordPtrToPtr :: WordPtr -> Ptr a Source #
casts a WordPtr
to a Ptr